On November 5, the House approved, 422-1, a bill (H.R. 2620) to reauthorize the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA) of 2000 (P.L. 106-386). The House International Relations Committee (see The Source, 7/25/03) and the House Judiciary Committee (see The Source 9/26/03) both approved H.R. 2620 earlier this year.
Trafficking in persons, particularly women and children, has become one of the fastest growing areas of international criminal activity. The U.S. government estimates that as many as 800,000 people are trafficked each year for forced labor, domestic servitude, or sexual exploitation. Victims of trafficking are typically from less developed countries in Asia, the former Soviet Union, and Eastern Europe.
As part of the TVPA, Congress mandated an annual State Department report on the global trends in trafficking. The annual report rates countries according to whether they meet minimum standards for addressing the global problem.
Rep. Christopher Smith (R-NJ), the sponsor of the original bill and H.R. 2620, said that the TVPA “has made an enormous positive difference in our efforts to end modern-day slavery, a nefarious enterprise that, according to the United Nations, nets the exploiters something in order of $7 billion to $10 billion each year.”
Rep. Tom Lantos (D-CA) agreed. “Naming countries that are not making significant efforts to combat trafficking and threatening them with sanctions are forcing measurable changes in the way that governments around the globe are facing this modern-day form of slavery. This vicious practice is under assault from all directions,” he stated.
H.R. 2620 would authorize $105.85 million in FY2004 and FY2005 for programs to combat trafficking and would expand the U.S. government’s trafficking prevention activities. The bill would direct the President to create programs that train trafficking survivors to educate border patrol and law enforcement officials to identify traffickers and victims of trafficking. H.R. 2620 would allow the President to cease funding or cooperation with organizations if they or their employees engage in human trafficking while living in the United States. In addition, the President would be granted the authority to encourage the media to make documentaries about trafficking.
The measure also would seek to discourage U.S. citizens and foreign nationals traveling within the United States from participating in sex tourism, which is linked to a demand for the trafficking of women. Under H.R. 2620, all airlines operating in the United States would be required to develop and disseminate materials alerting travelers that sex tourism is illegal and will be prosecuted under U.S. law.
Finally, H.R. 2620 would clarify a provision in the original bill that determined whether a foreign government is meeting the minimum standards to combat trafficking by requiring the State Department to consider a foreign government’s record on convictions and sentences for trafficking violators, in addition to the investigations and prosecutions as the TVPA currently provides.
